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A standard lightning impulse full wave is a standardized voltage waveform that simulates lightning-induced overvoltages in nature. It is widely used in insulation strength tests for high-voltage electrical equipment (such as transformers, surge arresters, insulators, etc.) to verify their ability to withstand overvoltage impacts caused by lightning.Les formes d’onde naturelles de la foudre varient considérablement, mais afin de tester de manière uniforme, équitable et reproductible tous les équipements provenant de tous les fabricants en laboratoire, il est nécessaire de définir une « forme d’onde normalisée ».
Comparability of Test Results: Test results for a transformer from Company A and one from Company B are comparable when tested under the same standard waveform.Basis for Design: Equipment manufacturers can use this standard waveform to design and verify the insulation level of their products.Grid Safety Guarantee: All equipment integrated into the power grid can withstand at least the impact of this standard lightning wave, greatly enhancing the overall reliability of the grid.Dans les laboratoires, les générateurs de Marx sont généralement utilisés pour produire de telles ondes de tension impulsionnelles à forte amplitude.
Principle: Multiple capacitors are charged in parallel and then discharged in series through spark gap switches, superimposing the energy from lower-voltage charging into a very high-voltage pulse output.Adjustment: By adjusting the resistance in the circuit (wavefront resistance Rf and wavetail resistance Rt), the wavefront time T1 and the time to half-peak T2 can be precisely controlled to generate a compliant 1.2/50 μs waveform.